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Variation of isozyme patterns among Arachis species
H T Stalker1, T D Phillips, J P Murphy
1Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, 27695-7629, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Summary
Genetic diversity in the Arachis genus was explored using isozyme analysis. Diploid species show high variation, and A. batizocoi is not the peanut
Area of Science:
- Plant genetics
- Biochemistry
- Evolutionary biology
Background:
- The Arachis genus exhibits significant genetic variation, with limited understanding of its diversity patterns.
- Isozymes offer potential as markers for germplasm introgression in Arachis species.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate genetic diversity among Arachis species using electrophoretic techniques.
- To assess the utility of isozymes as markers for germplasm introgression.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of isozyme variation in 113 accessions across six Arachis sections using 17 enzymes.
- Starch-gel electrophoresis of crude seed extracts to examine enzyme polymorphism.
Main Results:
- Diploid Arachis species displayed high isozyme variability, contrasting with the cultivated peanut (A. hypogaea).
- A. batizocoi was excluded as a progenitor of A. hypogaea due to significant isozyme differences.
- Seed-to-seed polymorphisms were detected, suggesting specific germplasm maintenance strategies.
Conclusions:
- Isozyme markers are valuable for studying genetic diversity and interspecific hybridization in Arachis.
- Mato Grosso, Brazil, harbors the highest interspecific genetic diversity, with unique alleles likely in various Brazilian regions.
