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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Lower-Limb Biomechanical Characteristics Associated with Unplanned Gait Termination Under Different Walking Speeds
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Gait phase varies over velocities.

Yancheng Liu1, Kun Lu2, Songhua Yan2

  • 1School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Spinal Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China.

Gait & Posture
|November 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals that the percentage of gait cycle phases changes with walking velocity, highlighting individual variations crucial for accurate gait analysis in clinical practice.

Keywords:
Gait cycleGait phaseGait velocityVariation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Gait Analysis
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Established gait phase classifications exist but may lack resolution for dynamic velocity changes.
  • Understanding gait phase percentages across different speeds is vital for identifying pathological gait patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize gait cycle phase percentages at varying velocities using high-resolution technology.
  • To establish normative data for gait analysis, considering velocity-dependent variations.

Main Methods:

  • Ninety-five healthy subjects walked at self-selected slow, normal, and fast velocities on a 10-m walkway.
  • High-speed cameras (250 fps) recorded gait, enabling detailed analysis of eight gait cycle phases.
  • Phase percentages were calculated and correlated with previous classifications and walking velocity.

Main Results:

  • Gait cycle phase percentages showed strong correlations (>0.99) with established classifications.
  • Significant negative correlations were found between velocity and the percentage of loading response (-0.83), mid stance (-0.75), and pre-swing (-0.84).
  • Individual variations in phase percentages were notable, with the largest coefficient of variation (24.31%) for initial contact at slower velocities; mid stance decreased from 35.30% to 25.33% from slow to fast walking.

Conclusions:

  • Gait cycle phase percentages are velocity-dependent, necessitating consideration of individual variations and walking speed in clinical gait assessments.
  • High-resolution analysis revealed ambiguities in standard gait phase definitions, suggesting a need for refinement.
  • These findings can improve the characterization of normal and pathological gaits in clinical settings.