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Mitochondrial gene expression during wheat leaf development.

J F Topping1, C J Leaver

  • 1Department of Botany, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Mayfield Road, EH9 3JH, Edinburgh, UK.

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|November 8, 2013
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Wheat leaf development shows spatial gene expression changes. Mitochondrial gene abundance decreases, while chloroplast and nuclear genes increase, reflecting a shift in energy production from oxidative to photophosphorylation.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Plant physiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Wheat leaf development involves cellular differentiation from meristematic to mature photosynthetic cells.
  • Energy metabolism shifts from oxidative phosphorylation in meristematic cells to combined oxidative and photophosphorylation in photosynthetic cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spatial expression patterns of mitochondrial, chloroplast, and nuclear genes during wheat leaf development.
  • To understand how organellar gene expression is regulated during the acquisition of photosynthetic competence.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative DNA-DNA and DNA-RNA filter techniques were used to analyze gene copy number and transcript abundance in successive wheat leaf sections.
  • Protein-binding techniques were employed to assess specific protein levels.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondrial gene copy number (cox II, cob, atp A) decreased five- to tenfold in the basal leaf section and remained constant distally.
  • Relative abundance of mitochondrial transcripts (cox I, cox II, cob, atp A) decreased from 100% to 5-40% along the leaf length.
  • Chloroplast and nuclear gene transcripts (psb A, rbc L, rbc S) increased from 0-2% to 100% in progressive leaf sections.
  • The steady-state level of the mitochondrial F1 ATPase α-subunit remained constant throughout the leaf.

Conclusions:

  • Gene expression is spatially regulated along the wheat leaf, correlating with developmental and functional differentiation.
  • A coordinated regulation of organellar gene expression occurs during the development of photosynthetic competence in wheat leaves.