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The slider turtle as an environmental sentinel: multiple tissue assays using flow cytometric analysis.

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  • 1Department of Biology, East Carolina University, 27858, Greenville, NC, USA.

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Slider turtles near radioactive sites show increased DNA content variation in spleen cells. Flow cytometry (FCM) reveals turtle blood and spleen are sensitive biomarkers for environmental mutagens.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental toxicology
  • Ecotoxicology
  • Biomarker research

Background:

  • Radioactive seepage basins pose environmental risks.
  • Slider turtles (Trachemys scripta) are potential sentinels for aquatic ecosystem health.
  • Flow cytometry (FCM) is a valuable tool for cellular analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of radioactive environments on slider turtle tissues using FCM.
  • To evaluate the sensitivity of turtle blood and spleen to mutagenic agents.
  • To validate FCM assays for environmental monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Multiple-tissue assays (blood, heart, spleen, kidney) on slider turtles from radioactive and control sites.
  • Analysis using two different cytometers (Leitz MPV, Coulter Profile II) with distinct staining protocols (DAPI, PI).
  • Comparative analysis of DNA content variation and cell-cycle effects.

Main Results:

  • Significantly greater DNA content variation in spleen cells of turtles from radioactive basins compared to controls.
  • Significant cell-cycle effects observed in blood and spleen cells of basin turtles.
  • Corroborative findings across different cytometers and staining protocols.

Conclusions:

  • FCM assays are consistent and repeatable for environmental monitoring.
  • Turtle blood and spleen are sensitive biomarkers for mutagenic agents in contaminated aquatic environments.
  • Slider turtles show potential as sentinels for ecotoxicological biomarker assays.