Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Junction Potentials in Galvanic Cells01:21

Junction Potentials in Galvanic Cells

10
The Nernst equation, derived under the assumption of thermodynamic equilibrium, calculates the electromotive force (emf) as the sum of potential differences at phase boundaries in a reversible cell without a liquid junction. However, in irreversible cells such as the Daniell cell, an additional potential difference named the liquid-junction potential (EJ) arises across the interface of two electrolyte solutions due to different ion diffusion rates. This EJ represents the potential difference...
10
P-N junction01:11

P-N junction

1.7K
A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...
1.7K
Electrical Conductivity01:13

Electrical Conductivity

2.1K
In perfect conductors, the electric field inside is always zero due to the abundance of free electrons, which nullify any field by flowing. As a result, any residual charge resides on the surface.
In a practical conductor, an applied electric field may be sustained, causing a flow of electrons, which produce a current. The differential form of the current, the current density, is related to the electric field.
More generally, it is related to the force per unit charge, which involves the...
2.1K
The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation01:19

The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation

3.2K
A postsynaptic neuron usually receives numerous impulses from several other presynaptic neurons. The axon hillock of the postsynaptic neuron integrates all these signals and determines the likelihood of firing an action potential.
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential....
3.2K
Electrical Transport01:29

Electrical Transport

207
The electrical transport property of a material is defined by its resistance and conductivity. Resistance is the measure of a material's ability to resist the flow of electric current, while conductivity gauges its ability to allow the current to pass through, depending on the geometry of the measurement cell, such as electrode spacing and area. Conductivity is measured in Siemens (S). There are different types of conductance, including specific conductance, equivalent conductance, and molar...
207
Action Potentials01:41

Action Potentials

112.9K
Overview
112.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Stage-Dependent Prognostic Impact of Younger Age in Gastric Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Journal of gastric cancer·2026
Same author

Long-Term Outcomes of Mucosal Early Gastric Cancer with Lymphatic Invasion as the Sole Non-Curative Factor After Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection.

Cancers·2026
Same author

Role of interstitial cells of Cajal in regulating tone and responses to enteric motor neurons in the murine pyloric sphincter.

American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology·2026
Same author

Increased risk of early-onset gastric cancer among young adults age 20-49 years with diabetes: a nationwide cohort study.

EClinicalMedicine·2026
Same author

Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on gastric mucosal visibility during upper endoscopy in Asian patients with diabetes.

World journal of diabetes·2026
Same author

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in gastric cancer: a single-center retrospective analysis of 86 cases.

Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

A Functional Assay for Gap Junctional Examination; Electroporation of Adherent Cells on Indium-Tin Oxide
11:02

A Functional Assay for Gap Junctional Examination; Electroporation of Adherent Cells on Indium-Tin Oxide

Published on: October 18, 2014

8.7K

Ionic Conductance(s) in Response to Post-junctional Potentials.

Sang Don Koh1, Poong-Lyul Rhee

  • 1Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA.

Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility
|November 8, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores how ion channels in gastrointestinal smooth muscle cells interpret neurotransmitter signals, influencing gut motility through excitatory and inhibitory pathways.

Keywords:
Gastrointestinal motilityIonic conductancePost-junctional potentials

More Related Videos

Patch-clamp Capacitance Measurements and Ca2+ Imaging at Single Nerve Terminals in Retinal Slices
09:16

Patch-clamp Capacitance Measurements and Ca2+ Imaging at Single Nerve Terminals in Retinal Slices

Published on: January 19, 2012

17.7K
Implementing Dynamic Clamp with Synaptic and Artificial Conductances in Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cells
11:46

Implementing Dynamic Clamp with Synaptic and Artificial Conductances in Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cells

Published on: May 16, 2013

11.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

A Functional Assay for Gap Junctional Examination; Electroporation of Adherent Cells on Indium-Tin Oxide
11:02

A Functional Assay for Gap Junctional Examination; Electroporation of Adherent Cells on Indium-Tin Oxide

Published on: October 18, 2014

8.7K
Patch-clamp Capacitance Measurements and Ca2+ Imaging at Single Nerve Terminals in Retinal Slices
09:16

Patch-clamp Capacitance Measurements and Ca2+ Imaging at Single Nerve Terminals in Retinal Slices

Published on: January 19, 2012

17.7K
Implementing Dynamic Clamp with Synaptic and Artificial Conductances in Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cells
11:46

Implementing Dynamic Clamp with Synaptic and Artificial Conductances in Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cells

Published on: May 16, 2013

11.8K

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal motility relies on complex neural regulation, involving both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways.
  • Intrinsic neural pathways process sensory input, relay inter-neuronal signals, and execute motor output via enteric motor neurons.
  • Enteric motor neurons release diverse neurotransmitters, eliciting either excitatory (depolarization, contraction) or inhibitory (hyperpolarization, relaxation) post-junctional responses in smooth muscle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which ion channels mediate post-junctional responses in gastrointestinal smooth muscles.
  • To highlight the role of neurotransmitters in modulating ion channel and receptor activity within the smooth muscle syncytium.
  • To discuss the application of molecular reporter expression techniques in studying specialized cells.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on gastrointestinal neural regulation and smooth muscle physiology.
  • Analysis of neurotransmitter actions on excitatory and inhibitory post-junctional potentials.
  • Examination of the composition and function of the smooth muscle syncytium (SIP syncytium).

Main Results:

  • Neurotransmitters critically influence post-junctional responses by altering ion channel and receptor activity.
  • Excitatory neurotransmitters lead to depolarization and contraction, while inhibitory neurotransmitters cause hyperpolarization and relaxation.
  • The smooth muscle syncytium, comprising smooth muscle cells, interstitial cells of Cajal, and PDGFRα(+) cells, exhibits specific receptor and ion channel expression.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding ion channel mechanisms is crucial for interpreting post-junctional responses in gastrointestinal smooth muscle.
  • Molecular reporter techniques offer advanced methods for studying ion channel and receptor properties in isolated cells.
  • This review synthesizes current knowledge on ion channel function in regulating gastrointestinal motility.