Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 6, 2026

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
Published on: February 2, 2020
Effect of lip position and gingival display on smile and esthetics as perceived by college students with different
Khalid H Zawawi1, Ghadah A Malki, Mohammad S Al-Zahrani
1Department of Preventive Dental Science, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of education on the perception of female college students on the effect of lip position and gingival display upon smiling and esthetics.
Methods:
A photograph of a smiling subject was altered to show varying degrees of gingival display. Female students, who were studying in different colleges, assessed a total of five images, using a numerical rating scale.
Results:
A total of 440 college students from eight educational faculties (dentistry, dental assistants, medicine, medical technology, nursing, science, arts, and pharmacology) participated in this study. There was no difference found between students' ratings of the altered images (P<0.05). The perception of a gummy smile was found to be similar among the participants. There was agreement between all participants that 2 mm of gingival display was the most attractive smile, while a 4 mm covering of the teeth by the upper lip was the least attractive.
Conclusion:
Educational influence did not have an effect of the perception of a gummy smile.
More Related Videos
07:32Use of Galvanic Skin Responses, Salivary Biomarkers, and Self-reports to Assess Undergraduate Student Performance During a Laboratory Exam Activity
Published on: February 10, 2016
07:14Investigating the 'Uncatchable Smile' in Leonardo da Vinci's La Bella Principessa: A Comparison with the Mona Lisa and Pollaiuolo's Portrait of a Girl
Published on: October 4, 2016
Related Concept Videos
Assessment of the Mouth
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
Impression Management Techniques I: Managing Appearances
Cross-Sectional Research
Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles
Introduction
The initial evaluation of a patient's respiratory system...
Factors Influencing Attraction II: Physical Attraction