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Attention as foraging for information and value.

Sanjay G Manohar1, Masud Husain

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford Oxford, UK ; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford, UK.

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|November 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Attention guides information gathering and value seeking during decision-making. Early in a trial, attention focuses on reducing uncertainty, shifting to high reward values later to guide choices.

Keywords:
attentionbayesian updatingexpected valueforaginginformationrisksaccadesuncertainty

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Decision Science

Background:

  • Previous research suggests attention is vital for information gathering and guiding behavior towards rewards.
  • Many attention studies use discrete information acquisition, unlike real-world scenarios requiring information search and value assessment before decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dual role of attention in foraging for information and value during decision-making.
  • To explore how attention shifts between uncertainty reduction and reward maximization.

Main Methods:

  • Participants directed gaze to seek information about gambles before choosing one.
  • Eye movements were tracked to analyze the temporal dynamics of attention.

Main Results:

  • Attention initially focused on reducing uncertainty (information foraging).
  • Later in the decision process, attention shifted towards high expected values (value foraging).
  • Participants often attended to their final choice at the decision's end.

Conclusions:

  • Attention acts as 'teleforaging,' a low-cost way to gather information and assess value before physical interaction.
  • Attentional foraging dynamically shifts from uncertainty-driven to reward-driven modes.
  • This shift enables decisions via an engage-or-search strategy.