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Children as young as six show holistic processing of faces, but struggle to inhibit this effect. This facial recognition development indicates holistic processing is present early, with inhibition developing later in childhood.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Development
  • Face Perception
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Adults exhibit a holistic interference effect in facial part recognition.
  • This occurs when a facial part is learned without context but tested within a whole face.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate holistic interference in children aged 6 and 9-10 years.
  • To examine the developmental trajectory of holistic face processing.

Main Methods:

  • Participants judged facial parts presented in isolation versus within a whole face.
  • Comparison of performance across different age groups (6-year-olds, 9-10-year-olds, and adults).

Main Results:

  • All age groups showed susceptibility to holistic interference.
  • Younger children (6-year-olds) were most significantly affected by the holistic interference effect.
  • Holistic processing is evident in 6-year-olds.

Conclusions:

  • Holistic processing is present from at least age 6.
  • The ability to inhibit holistic influences on piecemeal processing develops later.
  • Cognitive development of face perception involves early holistic processing and later inhibitory control.