Oxygen consumption and conservation during apnea in the anesthetized dog
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 6, 2026

A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans
Published on: December 22, 2016
Abstract:
Apnea was initiated by clamping off the tracheal tube in 6 anesthetized dogs. Bradycardia, reduction in cardiac output and peripheral vasoconstriction developed gradually throughout the entire apneic period. O2 consumption during apnea was measured by monitoring the rate of O2 removal from the lung (VLO2), from the arterial blood (Va02), and from the venous blood (VV02). Total 02 consumption (VT02) was calculated by summing (VL02--Va02), VaQ2 and VV02-VL02, estimated by the product of arteriovenous O2 content difference and cardiac output, decreased continuously during apnea. At the end of 80 sec the rate of O2 removal from the lung was one-fourth of the pre-apneic rate, 5.29 +/- 0.51 ml-min-1kg-1. Oxygen disappearance form the blood was estimated by measuring arterial and venous O2 content at 20-sec intervals and by assuming a constant blood volume throughout the apneic period of 86 ml/kg, 25% of which is in the arterial tree and 75% of which is in the venous compartment. During the last 20 sec of an 80-sec apnea, VV02 represented 69% of VT02. The result indicated that VT02 during apnea was not significantly different from that of pre-apneic values. It is concluded from the present study that an oxygen conservation mechanism if existent, was not operative during an 80-sec apnea in the anesthetized dog.
More Related Videos
06:57Use of an Integrated Low-Flow Anesthetic Vaporizer, Ventilator, and Physiological Monitoring System for Rodents
Published on: July 9, 2020
07:15Preoxygenation Techniques for Tracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Adults Utilizing Oxygen Mask and Noninvasive Ventilation
Published on: December 5, 2025
Related Concept Videos
Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this principle...
Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation
Ensuring accuracy in vital sign recordings while prioritizing patient comfort and minimizing anxiety is important.
Physiological Control of Respiration
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
Alterations in Respiration II
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes include...
Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
Administering Oxygen by Mask
Administering oxygen by mask is a common nursing intervention that provides supplemental oxygen to patients with respiratory distress or chronic lung conditions. This procedure involves delivering oxygen at a specified rate through a face mask connected to an oxygen source.
Equipment
The equipment necessary for this procedure includes: