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Cough in the elderly population: relationships with multiple comorbidity.

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Elderly cough is common, affecting quality of life. Uncontrolled diabetes and constipation are new risk factors, alongside smoking, asthma, and rhinitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Epidemiology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Comprehensive epidemiological data on cough in the elderly is lacking.
  • This study investigates cough prevalence and its relationship with comorbidities in a community-dwelling elderly population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of different types of cough (frequent, chronic persistent, nocturnal) in the elderly.
  • To identify risk factors and comorbidities associated with cough in this demographic.
  • To assess the impact of cough on health-related quality of life.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging baseline dataset.
  • Cough types defined via questionnaires; comorbidities assessed systematically.
  • Health-related quality of life measured using the Short Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence rates: frequent cough (9.3%), chronic persistent cough (4.6%), nocturnal cough (7.3%).
  • Risk factors included smoking, asthma, and allergic rhinitis.
  • Constipation and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (HbA1c ≥ 8%) showed significant positive associations with elderly cough.

Conclusions:

  • Cough is prevalent and negatively impacts elderly quality of life.
  • Established risk factors (smoking, asthma, rhinitis) confirmed; novel associations with constipation and uncontrolled diabetes identified.
  • Highlights the complex, multi-faceted nature of cough in older adults.