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Individualization in dosing regimens is the customization of medication doses for individual patients. Its necessity arises from the goal of maximizing therapeutic benefits while minimizing risks. This approach is pivotal because human responses to drugs can vary widely; what is effective for one person may be inadequate or excessive for another. Interpatient (intersubject) variability refers to differences in drug responses between individuals, while intrapatient (intrasubject) variability...
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Designing a structure involves a series of considerations, primarily the material's ultimate strength, calculated through tests that measure changes under increased force until the material reaches its breaking point or limit. The ultimate load, where the material breaks, is divided by its original cross-sectional area, resulting in the ultimate normal stress or strength. The ultimate shearing stress is another significant factor taken into account.
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Designing a dosage regimen, which refers to the manner of drug administration, is a complex process involving the selection of drug dose, route, and frequency. This process is underpinned by pharmacokinetic parameters derived from tests and population averages. These parameters are then tailored to patient-specific variables such as diagnosis, demographics, and allergy status. Once therapy commences, therapeutic response monitoring is critical and achieved through clinical and physical...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education
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Limiting disproportionate disaccommodation in design for human variability.

Charlotte de Vries1, Matthew B Parkinson

  • 1a Department of Mechanical Engineering , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA 16802 , USA.

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|November 12, 2013
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Design choices impact user safety and performance due to body size variations. Addressing disproportionate disaccommodation through better design practices ensures equitable user experiences for diverse populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Ergonomics and Human Factors
  • Industrial Design
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Body dimensions are critical for optimizing the design of artefacts, tasks, and environments for human use.
  • Variability in body size and shape across demographic groups leads to unequal user performance and safety.
  • Disproportionate disaccommodation, the uneven rate of unacceptable user conditions, presents ethical and performance challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how design choices influence user interaction with artefacts across diverse demographic groups.
  • To introduce and compare methods for incorporating user demographics and body size variability into design.
  • To evaluate these methods against a baseline strategy concerning accommodation and cost.

Main Methods:

  • Development of three novel methods for integrating user demographic data into the design process.
  • Comparative analysis of these methods against a baseline design strategy.
  • Evaluation based on user accommodation (fit and usability) and associated costs.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration that design choices significantly affect user interaction and safety for different demographic groups.
  • Quantification of disproportionate disaccommodation resulting from non-inclusive design.
  • Presentation of trade-offs between accommodation levels and design costs for various methods.

Conclusions:

  • Improved design practices can mitigate disproportionate disaccommodation and enhance user safety and performance.
  • The proposed methods offer systematic approaches to achieve more inclusive and equitable design outcomes.
  • Considering body dimension variability is essential for ethical and effective artefact, task, and environment design.