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Limits on Lorentz violation from forbidden β decays.

J P Noordmans1, H W Wilschut, R G E Timmermans

  • 1KVI, University of Groningen, Zernikelaan 25, NL-9747 AA Groningen, Netherlands.

Physical Review Letters
|November 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Forbidden beta decays provide unique tests for Lorentz invariance. Analysis of 1970s experiments reveals strong limits on Lorentz violation in the weak interaction, with potential for future improvements.

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Area of Science:

  • Particle Physics
  • Nuclear Physics
  • Fundamental Symmetries

Background:

  • Forbidden beta decays are sensitive probes of the weak interaction.
  • Lorentz invariance is a fundamental principle of modern physics.
  • Previous searches for Lorentz violation in beta decays have been limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reanalyze historical experiments searching for preferred directions in space during forbidden beta decays.
  • To establish stringent limits on Lorentz violation within a general effective field theory framework.
  • To investigate the implications for the Standard Model Extension (SME) with Lorentz violation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of two first- and second-forbidden beta decay experiments from the 1970s.
  • Application of a general effective field theory (EFT) framework.
  • Interpretation of experimental results in terms of Lorentz-violating operators.

Main Results:

  • The reanalyzed experiments provide strong and unique constraints on Lorentz violation.
  • Specific limits are placed on several Lorentz-violating interactions within the SME.
  • The findings highlight the power of forbidden decays for probing fundamental symmetries.

Conclusions:

  • Historical experiments on forbidden beta decays offer robust tests of Lorentz invariance.
  • These results significantly constrain extensions to the Standard Model that violate Lorentz symmetry.
  • Future experiments could further improve these fundamental limits.