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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
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Drug Elimination by Renal Route: Glomerular Filtration01:17

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The kidney serves as the primary organ responsible for eliminating drugs and their metabolites from the body. This process, known as renal elimination, starts with glomerular filtration and results in urine formation. Each kidney houses millions of functional units called nephrons, where urine production takes place. A nephron has two main components: a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule. Drugs gain access to the kidney via the renal artery, which progressively branches off into afferent...
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Once the process of glomerular filtration is completed, blood carrying unfiltered drug molecules traverses through efferent arterioles and makes its way into the peritubular capillaries in the proximal tubule. A variety of carriers play a pivotal role in actively secreting drugs from these peritubular capillaries into the tubular fluid. The organic anion transporter transfers acidic drugs, against an electrochemical gradient, from the peritubular capillaries into the renal tubule cells and...
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The kidney serves as the primary organ responsible for eliminating drugs and their metabolites from the body. This process, known as renal elimination, starts with glomerular filtration and results in urine formation. Each kidney houses millions of functional units called nephrons, where urine production occurs. A nephron has two main components: a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.
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The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Targeting therapeutics to the glomerulus with nanoparticles.

Jonathan E Zuckerman1, Mark E Davis

  • 1Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA.

Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease
|November 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanoparticle therapeutics offer a promising solution for kidney diseases by enabling targeted delivery to the glomerulus. This review explores nanoparticle design and therapeutic potential for glomerulonephritic diseases.

Keywords:
Drug targetingGlomerulonephritisGlomerulusKidneyNanoparticles

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Nanoparticles are utilized for targeted cancer therapeutics.
  • The glomerulus, a kidney structure, is an accessible site for nanoparticle delivery but is relatively overlooked.
  • There is a medical need for potent, kidney-targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review literature on nanoparticle targeting of the glomerulus.
  • To explore nanoparticle-based therapeutics for kidney-targeted treatments.
  • To discuss nanoparticle design criteria and therapeutic applications for glomerulonephritic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of nanoparticle delivery to the glomerulus.
  • Analysis of structural characteristics enabling selective glomerular targeting.
  • Summary of nanoparticle behavior in animal models of diseased glomeruli.

Main Results:

  • The glomerulus's unique structure facilitates selective nanoparticle targeting.
  • Specific nanoparticle design criteria are crucial for effective glomerular targeting.
  • Nanoparticle therapeutics show promise in animal models of glomerulonephritic disease.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoparticle-based therapeutics represent a viable strategy for kidney-targeted treatments.
  • Further research into nanoparticle design and application can advance treatments for glomerular diseases.
  • Targeting the glomerulus with nanoparticles holds significant therapeutic potential for kidney conditions.