Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

31.2K
DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with...
31.2K
Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

9.4K
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
9.4K
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

8.4K
8.4K
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

17.3K
RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
17.3K
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

5.1K
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
5.1K
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

157.0K
Overview
157.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Learning from the community: iterative co-production of a programme to support the development of attention, regulation and thinking skills in toddlers at elevated likelihood of autism or ADHD.

Research involvement and engagement·2025
Same author

Isoginkgetin and Madrasin are poor splicing inhibitors.

PloS one·2024
Same author

CDK7 kinase activity promotes RNA polymerase II promoter escape by facilitating initiation factor release.

Molecular cell·2024
Same author

Correction: Isa et al. HSV-1 ICP22 Is a Selective Viral Repressor of Cellular RNA Polymerase II-Mediated Transcription Elongation. <i>Vaccines</i> 2021, <i>9</i>, 1054.

Vaccines·2024
Same author

APOBEC3B regulates R-loops and promotes transcription-associated mutagenesis in cancer.

Nature genetics·2023
Same author

Cyclin-dependent kinases: Masters of the eukaryotic universe.

Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA·2023
Same journal

Thyroid cancer-associated EZH1 Q571R mutation drives chromatin compaction and H3K27me3 invasion into active chromatin.

Molecular cell·2026
Same journal

Genome-wide rotational and translational phasing of nucleosomes with human transcription factors.

Molecular cell·2026
Same journal

Spliceosomal proofreading factors safeguard 3' splice-site fidelity and prevent proteotoxicity and inflammation.

Molecular cell·2026
Same journal

Cytosolic EZH2-IMPDH2 complexes regulate melanoma progression and metastasis via GTP.

Molecular cell·2026
Same journal

A bacterial reverse transcriptase: Protein-templated DNA synthesis fuels antiviral immunity.

Molecular cell·2026
Same journal

Tweezing apart ribosome heterogeneity.

Molecular cell·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

CD Spectroscopy to Study DNA-Protein Interactions
06:48

CD Spectroscopy to Study DNA-Protein Interactions

Published on: February 10, 2022

6.5K

AC/D(eA)C rocks the polymerases.

Clélia Laitem1, Shona Murphy

  • 1Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK.

Molecular Cell
|November 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acetylation, a posttranslational modification, regulates RNA polymerases (Pol) I and II. This process is key for cells to respond to environmental stress or growth factor signals.

More Related Videos

DNA Polymerase Activity Assay Using Near-infrared Fluorescent Labeled DNA Visualized by Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
07:38

DNA Polymerase Activity Assay Using Near-infrared Fluorescent Labeled DNA Visualized by Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis

Published on: October 6, 2017

13.4K
Author Spotlight: Investigating the Motion Dynamics of the Eukaryotic Replisome Components at the Single-Molecule Level
10:11

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Motion Dynamics of the Eukaryotic Replisome Components at the Single-Molecule Level

Published on: July 26, 2024

1.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

CD Spectroscopy to Study DNA-Protein Interactions
06:48

CD Spectroscopy to Study DNA-Protein Interactions

Published on: February 10, 2022

6.5K
DNA Polymerase Activity Assay Using Near-infrared Fluorescent Labeled DNA Visualized by Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
07:38

DNA Polymerase Activity Assay Using Near-infrared Fluorescent Labeled DNA Visualized by Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis

Published on: October 6, 2017

13.4K
Author Spotlight: Investigating the Motion Dynamics of the Eukaryotic Replisome Components at the Single-Molecule Level
10:11

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Motion Dynamics of the Eukaryotic Replisome Components at the Single-Molecule Level

Published on: July 26, 2024

1.6K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Posttranslational Modifications

Background:

  • RNA polymerases (Pol) I and II are crucial for transcribing different sets of genes.
  • Gene expression must be tightly regulated to respond to cellular stimuli.
  • Posttranslational modifications play a significant role in modulating protein function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of acetylation in regulating RNA Polymerase I and II activity.
  • To understand how acetylation mediates cellular responses to stress and growth factors.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of posttranslational modifications on RNA Polymerase I and II.
  • Investigating the impact of acetylation on transcriptional activity.
  • Studying the effects of stress and growth factor signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Acetylation of RNA Polymerases I and II was identified as a key regulatory mechanism.
  • This modification directly influences the transcriptional output in response to external signals.
  • Specific acetylation patterns correlate with responses to stress and growth factors.

Conclusions:

  • Posttranslational modification by acetylation is a critical mediator of transcriptional regulation by RNA Polymerases I and II.
  • Acetylation provides a dynamic mechanism for cells to adapt their gene expression programs to changing environmental conditions and growth signals.