Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Eye01:20

Muscles of the Eye

6.4K
The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for vision. The human eye is controlled by ten muscles — six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one primary eyelid retractor muscle.
Extraocular Muscles
The six extraocular muscles surround the eyeball and control its movements. They are responsible for a wide range of eye motions, including looking up, down, left, right, and...
6.4K
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

1.7K
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
1.7K
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

1.1K
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
1.1K
Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

Accessory Structures of the Eye

4.3K
Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
4.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Health Risk Assessment of Employees Exposed to Chlorination By-products of Recreational Water in Large Amusement Parks in Shanghai.

Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES·2024
Same author

Modified Nishida muscle transposition procedure combined with superior rectus muscle tenotomy for inferior rectus muscle aplasia.

Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus·2024
Same author

Effects of CSF1R/p-ERK1/2 signaling pathway on RF/6A cells under high glucose conditions.

European journal of ophthalmology·2023
Same author

Pleural Fluid GSDMD Is a Novel Biomarker for the Early Differential Diagnosis of Pleural Effusion.

Frontiers in microbiology·2021
Same author

Narciclasine inhibits LPS-induced neuroinflammation by modulating the Akt/IKK/NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways.

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology·2021
Same author

Long-term outcomes of three-muscles surgery for very large-angle constant exotropia (≥5 years of follow-up).

Eye (London, England)·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Surgical Correction for Pediatric Epiblepharon and Trichiasis
03:59

Surgical Correction for Pediatric Epiblepharon and Trichiasis

Published on: July 8, 2025

869

Three-muscle surgery for very large-angle constant exotropia.

Jun Hong Li1, Li Jun Zhang

  • 1Shanxi Eye Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.

Journal of AAPOS : the Official Publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
|November 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Surgery for very large-angle exotropia on three horizontal muscles achieved successful alignment in over 80% of adult patients. This strabismus surgery effectively restored ocular alignment without causing significant abduction deficits.

More Related Videos

A Standardized Surgical Technique for Tessier Medial Transnasal Canthopexy
06:08

A Standardized Surgical Technique for Tessier Medial Transnasal Canthopexy

Published on: January 23, 2026

423
Author Spotlight: Advancements in Refractive Surgical Correction for Presbyopia and Exploring Postoperative Visual Acuity
05:46

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Refractive Surgical Correction for Presbyopia and Exploring Postoperative Visual Acuity

Published on: September 20, 2024

907

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Surgical Correction for Pediatric Epiblepharon and Trichiasis
03:59

Surgical Correction for Pediatric Epiblepharon and Trichiasis

Published on: July 8, 2025

869
A Standardized Surgical Technique for Tessier Medial Transnasal Canthopexy
06:08

A Standardized Surgical Technique for Tessier Medial Transnasal Canthopexy

Published on: January 23, 2026

423
Author Spotlight: Advancements in Refractive Surgical Correction for Presbyopia and Exploring Postoperative Visual Acuity
05:46

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Refractive Surgical Correction for Presbyopia and Exploring Postoperative Visual Acuity

Published on: September 20, 2024

907

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Strabismology
  • Surgical Outcomes

Background:

  • Exotropia, particularly large-angle constant exotropia, presents significant challenges in achieving ocular alignment.
  • Surgical interventions are crucial for managing severe forms of exotropia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a three-horizontal-muscle surgical approach for correcting very large-angle constant exotropia in adults.
  • To report the postoperative alignment and functional outcomes in patients undergoing this specific surgical technique.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective case series involving adult patients with primary constant exotropia (angles ≥120 prism diopters).
  • Surgical procedure involved lateral rectus recession on the fixing eye and combined lateral rectus recession with medial rectus resection on the nonfixing eye.
  • Success defined as ≤10 prism diopters of residual deviation; follow-up averaged over 6 months.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-three adult patients were included, with mean preoperative exodeviations of 128-130 prism diopters.
  • Eighty-three percent (19 of 23) achieved successful alignment (≤10 prism diopters) at a mean follow-up of 8.1 months.
  • Postoperative deviations averaged 5 prism diopters, with no reported diplopia in lateral gazes.

Conclusions:

  • Three-muscle horizontal surgery is an effective treatment for very large-angle constant exotropia.
  • This surgical approach successfully restores alignment in primary gaze for a majority of patients.
  • The procedure demonstrated a low risk of inducing symptomatic abduction deficits.