Trace element analysis of soil samples from a stratified archaeological site

Thirty-eight soil samples from a sondage excavated through a 6- metre stratified tell (Gomoiava, in central Yugoslavia) have been analysed for nine biophile elements: Mg, Sr, Zn, Cu, Ni, Mn, Cr, Pb and B. The site was occupied from 7000 BC to 500 AD (calendar years). The results have been collated with earlier estimates of P and Ca, made on a larger series of samples from the same site. The results are discussed in terms of useful information, to supplement that given by phosphate analysis, about stratification and the relationship of the settlement to its environment.It is concluded that leaching probably distorts the results for Ca and Mg. The results for Mn may help to distinguish phosphate accumulation due to man from that due to farm livestock. There is significant accumulation of Sr and B, both of which have potential value, although some of the analytical results for the latter are suspect. The results for Zn, Cu and Ni are highly correlated, with sharp peaks which couid provide precise information about individual strata when more experience of interpretation has been gained. Only Cr and Pb appear to provide little useful information at this site.