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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

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Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
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Emission Spectra02:39

Emission Spectra

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When solids, liquids, or condensed gases are heated sufficiently, they radiate some of the excess energy as light. Photons produced in this manner have a range of energies, and thereby produce a continuous spectrum in which an unbroken series of wavelengths is present.
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II01:19

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II

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In gas chromatography, different detectors are employed to meet specific analytical needs. These detectors are often categorized based on their detection mechanisms and the types of compounds they are best suited to analyze. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD), Flame Ionization Detectors (FID), and Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) represent common categories, each with unique operating principles and applications. However, beyond these, several other detectors are designed for more specialized...
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Emission database for global atmospheric research (Edgar).

J G Olivier1, A F Bouwman, C W van der Maas

  • 1National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, NL-3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
|November 12, 2013
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The Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) provides crucial gridded global emissions data for atmospheric chemistry and climate models. This comprehensive database includes greenhouse gases and other compounds from anthropogenic and biogenic sources for 1990.

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Area of Science:

  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Geospatial Data Science

Background:

  • Atmospheric chemistry and climate modellers require detailed gridded global emissions data for accurate simulations.
  • Existing emissions data may lack the required spatial, temporal, and source resolution for advanced modeling.
  • The Global Emissions Inventory Activity (GEIA) sets standards for atmospheric emission data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a comprehensive global emissions database (EDGAR) for 1990.
  • To provide gridded emissions data at high spatial (1x1°), temporal (monthly, diurnal), and source resolution.
  • To meet the data requirements for atmospheric modeling and research.

Main Methods:

  • Compilation of demographic, socio-economic, and land-use data.
  • Integration of emission factors for anthropogenic and biogenic sources.
  • Development of a flexible database structure for spatial, temporal, and species disaggregation.
  • Utilized data from TNO and RIVM for database construction.

Main Results:

  • Established a global emissions source database (EDGAR) for 1990.
  • Included annual emissions of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O, CO, NOx, VOCs, SOx), NH3, and halocarbons.
  • Data characterized by 1x1° spatial resolution and monthly temporal resolution, with diurnal variations.
  • Detailed N2O inventory construction presented as an example.

Conclusions:

  • EDGAR provides essential data for atmospheric modeling.
  • The database meets current and future needs in atmospheric research.
  • Flexibility in data disaggregation ensures adaptability to evolving scientific understanding.