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Learning effects in information integration: Manipulation of cue validity in an impression formation task
1University of lowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa.
Memory & Cognition
|November 12, 2013
Summary
Participants learned to weigh personality traits based on reinforcement. Feedback influenced how individuals integrated social and intellectual desirability information when predicting likability.
Area of Science:
- Social Psychology
- Cognitive Psychology
Background:
- People integrate personality traits to form impressions.
- The relative importance of different trait dimensions can vary.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how reinforcement contingencies influence the weighting of social desirability versus intellectual desirability traits in impression formation.
- To examine if predicting group ratings versus personal ratings affects this weighting process.
Main Methods:
- Participants predicted likability of hypothetical individuals described by trait pairs.
- One trait was socially desirable, the other intellectually desirable.
- Feedback was manipulated in Stage 1, followed by prediction or personal ratings in Stage 2.
Main Results:
- Feedback in Stage 1 increased the weight of the reinforced trait dimension in Stage 2.
- This effect was stronger when participants predicted group ratings compared to their own ratings.
Conclusions:
- Information weighting in impression formation is malleable and can be shaped by reinforcement.
- Social influence and individual judgment differ in their susceptibility to reinforcement-based weighting shifts.
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