Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

2.2K
Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
2.2K
Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

1.3K
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
1.3K
Explicit Memories01:27

Explicit Memories

608
Explicit memories, also known as declarative memories, are consciously remembered, recalled, and reported. Studying for a chemistry exam involves material that will become part of explicit memory. There are two types of explicit memory: episodic and semantic.
Episodic memory contains information about personally experienced events and is reported as a story. An example of episodic memory is recalling a birthday celebration. This type of memory includes the what, where, and when of an event, as...
608
Mnemonic Devices01:23

Mnemonic Devices

638
Mnemonic devices are cognitive tools that facilitate memory retention by linking new information to familiar patterns or organizational strategies. These techniques are beneficial for remembering complex or lengthy sets of information by simplifying and structuring them in easily retrievable ways.
Acronyms
Acronyms are created by using the initial letters of a series of words to form a new word or phrase. This approach condenses complex information into a single, memorable entity. For example,...
638
Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

946
Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
946
Retrieval01:12

Retrieval

596
Retrieval is the process of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness. This ability is essential for daily tasks like brushing hair and teeth, driving to work, and performing job duties. Retrieval occurs in three ways: recall, recognition, and relearning.
Recall involves accessing information without cues, such as during an essay test, where individuals must retrieve facts and concepts from memory unaided. Another example is remembering the name of a colleague...
596

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Recognition memory and the recall of spatial location.

Memory & cognition·2013
Same author

The Declining course of recognition memory.

Memory & cognition·2013
Same author

Recognition memory for targets from a scanned word list.

British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953)·1971
Same author

Operating characteristics from yes-no and forced-choice procedures.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·1966

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

8.8K

Memory for words recently classified.

A I Schulman1

  • 1University of Virginia, 22901, Charlottesville, Virginia.

Memory & Cognition
|November 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Verbal classification judgments impact memory. Congruous queries enhance recall and recognition, while incongruous ones impair memory performance due to better relational encoding.

More Related Videos

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories
08:53

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

Published on: November 14, 2018

8.9K
The Deese-Roediger-McDermott DRM Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory
07:26

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott DRM Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory

Published on: January 31, 2017

39.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

8.8K
Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories
08:53

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

Published on: November 14, 2018

8.9K
The Deese-Roediger-McDermott DRM Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory
07:26

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott DRM Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory

Published on: January 31, 2017

39.8K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Verbal classification judgments involve assessing relationships between words.
  • Understanding how these judgments affect memory is crucial for cognitive science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of verbal classificatory judgments on recognition memory and recall.
  • To determine the role of congruity in query-based memory performance.

Main Methods:

  • Participants answered 100 attribution and superordination queries (e.g., 'Is SPINACH ecstatic?').
  • Memory was tested unexpectedly for uppercase keywords or lowercase descriptors from the queries.
  • Recall (free, cued) and recognition memory were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Memory performance was not affected by whether a word was a keyword or descriptor.
  • Words from incongruous queries were significantly less remembered than those from congruous queries.
  • Congruous cues facilitated recall, with keywords being more effective than descriptors.

Conclusions:

  • Congruity in verbal judgments significantly enhances memory recall and recognition.
  • Relational encoding fostered by congruous queries underlies these memorial advantages.
  • Incongruous queries lead to poorer memory due to a lack of effective relational encoding.