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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Eye-tracking to Distinguish Comprehension-based and Oculomotor-based Regressive Eye Movements During Reading
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Time to read semantically related sentences*.

J G Greeno1, D L Noreen

  • 1University of Michigan, 48104, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Memory & Cognition
|November 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Reading comprehension speeds up when sentences build on prior implied information. However, sentence reading time is unaffected by prior context if no implications are present.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Human Sentence Processing

Background:

  • Understanding how hierarchical sentence structures influence reading comprehension is crucial.
  • Prior research suggests context impacts reading speed, but the role of implication versus structural relations needs clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of hierarchical sentence structures on reading time.
  • To differentiate the impact of implicative relationships versus non-implicative structural relations on sentence processing speed.

Main Methods:

  • Participants read sentences organized in varying hierarchical structures.
  • Sentence relationships included implicative and non-implicative connections.
  • Reading times were recorded and analyzed based on sentence position and relationship type.

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Main Results:

  • Sentences low in an implicative hierarchy were read faster if higher sentences were previously read.
  • Sentences contradicting expectations from prior items in an implicative hierarchy increased reading time.
  • Non-implicative structural relations did not significantly alter reading time based on prior context.

Conclusions:

  • Implicative relationships in hierarchical sentence structures significantly affect reading speed by leveraging prior knowledge and expectations.
  • Non-implicative structural relationships have a minimal impact on reading speed, suggesting that content implication is key for contextual facilitation.