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In vitro interference between equine herpesvirus types 1 and 2.

S K Dutta, A C Myrup, S R Thaker

American Journal of Veterinary Research

|April 1, 1986

Summary

Equine herpesvirus type 2 (EHV-2) interferes with equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) replication in cell cultures. This EHV-1 interference is transient in lymphocytes but prolonged in dermal cells, and not interferon-mediated.

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Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology

Background:

Equine herpesviruses (EHV) are significant pathogens in horses.
Understanding viral interference mechanisms is crucial for controlling EHV infections.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the interference between equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) and equine herpesvirus type 2 (EHV-2).
To characterize the nature and duration of this interference in different equine cell culture systems.

Main Methods:

Equine dermis (ED) monolayer and lymphocyte cell cultures were used.
Cultures were infected with EHV-2 and subsequently superinfected with EHV-1.
EHV-1 expression (cytopathic effect, titer, antigen, infective centers, thymidine kinase activity) was measured at various time points.

Main Results:

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EHV-2 significantly reduced EHV-1 replication markers in both ED cells and lymphocytes.
Interference was more prolonged in ED cells than in lymphocyte cultures.
The observed interference was not mediated by interferon.
EHV-2 replication was unaffected in dually infected ED cells.

Conclusions:

EHV-2 exhibits a marked interference effect on EHV-1.
The duration of interference differs between cell types, suggesting cell-specific mechanisms.
This interference is a significant factor in understanding EHV-1 and EHV-2 coinfections.