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Mode control and mode conversion in nonlinear aluminum nitride waveguides.

Matthias Stegmaier, Wolfram H P Pernice

|November 13, 2013

Summary

This study introduces methods to control and excite higher-order modes in photonic circuits, crucial for nonlinear and quantum optics applications. These techniques enable efficient modal analysis and manipulation on a chip.

Area of Science:

Photonics and optical engineering
Integrated optics
Nonlinear optics

Background:

Single-mode waveguides are standard in integrated photonics.
Emerging nonlinear and quantum optics require interactions between different light modes.
Controlling and analyzing these modes is essential for advanced applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose methods for evaluating modal composition of guided waves.
To present techniques for efficient excitation of arbitrary optical modes.
To demonstrate these methods in aluminum nitride photonic circuits.

Main Methods:

Modal analysis of externally and internally excited guided waves.
Engineered grating couplers for controlled modal excitation.

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Asymmetric directional couplers for polarization-based mode conversion.

Main Results:

Verified applicability of proposed methods in aluminum nitride circuits.
Detailed study of waveguide-internal second harmonic generation.
Achieved efficient and broadband power conversion between orthogonal polarizations.

Conclusions:

Demonstrated selective excitation of arbitrary higher-order modes.
Validated chip-scale techniques for nonlinear optical processes.
Paved the way for integrated nonlinear optics and frequency conversion applications.