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Metal-Ligand Bonds

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...

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Structural Isomerism

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
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[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

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Phosphodiester Linkages

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Phosphodiester bond forms when a phosphoric acid molecule (H3PO4) links with two hydroxyl groups (–OH) of two other molecules, forming two ester bonds. Two water molecules are released in this process. The phosphodiester bond is commonly found in nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and plays a critical role in their structure and function.
Phosphodiester Bonds Link Nucleotides Together
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Updated: May 6, 2026

Surface Functionalization of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Improved Moisture Resistance

Surface Functionalization of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Improved Moisture Resistance

Published on: September 5, 2018

Selective trioxolane based bifunctional molecular linkers for covalent heme surface functionalisation.

M McConville¹, D F Bradley, K Zhou

¹Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. ion@liv.ac.uk.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)

|November 13, 2013

Summary

Researchers developed a bifunctional molecular linker to modify glassy carbon surfaces and immobilize heme. This novel linker enables sequential functionalization for advanced material applications.

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Chemoselective Modification of Viral Surfaces via Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry

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Published on: August 19, 2012

Area of Science:

Electrochemistry
Materials Science
Organic Chemistry

Background:

Glassy carbon electrodes are widely used in electrochemical applications.
Heme immobilization is crucial for developing biosensors and catalytic systems.
Developing efficient methods for surface functionalization and biomolecule attachment is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize a novel bifunctional molecular linker.
To investigate the sequential functionalization of glassy carbon surfaces.
To achieve covalent immobilization of heme onto the functionalized surface.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of a bifunctional linker containing aryl diazonium and trioxolane groups.
Electrochemical characterization of glassy carbon surface functionalization.
Assessment of heme immobilization efficiency.

Main Results:

Successful synthesis of the bifunctional molecular linker.
Demonstration of sequential functionalization of glassy carbon.
Confirmation of covalent heme immobilization on the modified surface.

Conclusions:

The bifunctional linker provides a versatile platform for surface modification.
Electrochemical techniques effectively demonstrated the functionalization process.
This approach facilitates the covalent immobilization of heme for potential applications in biosensing and catalysis.