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Characteristics of invasive pneumococcal disease in hospitalized children in Austria

Maria Paulke-Korinek1, Herwig Kollaritsch, Michael Kundi

  • 1Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria.

European Journal of Pediatrics
|November 14, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children under five poses serious risks, including permanent disabilities. Monitoring serotype changes and pediatric pneumococcal vaccination remain crucial for prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in young children.
  • Surveillance data on IPD incidence, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial resistance are essential for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in IPD incidence, case fatality, sequelae, serotype shifts, and antimicrobial resistance in hospitalized children under five in Austria from 2002 to 2012.
  • To evaluate the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on IPD epidemiology.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective surveillance study across all pediatric wards in Austria.
  • Data collection on IPD cases, including demographics, clinical outcomes, serotypes, and antimicrobial susceptibility.
  • Analysis of incidence rates, case fatality rates, and long-term sequelae.

Main Results:

  • 308 IPD cases reported in children <5 years (2002-2012); IPD incidence 7.1/100,000/year, meningitis incidence 1.9/100,000/year.
  • Significant rates of sequelae (17% at discharge, 13% at 6 months), highlighting disease severity.
  • Observed shift towards non-vaccine serotypes (e.g., 19A) from 2007; predominant macrolide resistance but overall decreasing resistance rates.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric pneumococcal vaccination is vital due to high sequelae rates and evolving serotype landscape.
  • Continuous monitoring of circulating serotypes is necessary to inform vaccination strategies.
  • No immediate impact of universal mass vaccination on IPD incidence observed by 2012.
Abstract

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