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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

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The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
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Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

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MicroRNAs in Cancer.

Jianzhong Jeff Xi1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China, jzxi@pku.edu.cn.

Cancer Treatment and Research
|November 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs regulating genes. Dysregulated miRNAs are implicated in human cancers, offering potential for novel cancer therapeutics and diagnostics.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, small noncoding RNAs (~22 nucleotides).
  • They act as signaling modulators with multitarget regulation, tissue specificity, and evolutionary conservation.
  • miRNAs are crucial in biological processes like cell proliferation and differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent studies on the role of miRNAs in cancer development.
  • To discuss the potential of miRNAs as therapeutic targets in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on miRNAs and cancer.
  • Analysis of miRNA involvement in regulating oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.

Main Results:

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MicroRNA Detection in Prostate Tumors by Quantitative Real-time PCR qPCR

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An In Vitro Protocol for Evaluating MicroRNA Levels, Functions, and Associated Target Genes in Tumor Cells
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An In Vitro Protocol for Evaluating MicroRNA Levels, Functions, and Associated Target Genes in Tumor Cells

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Related Experiment Videos

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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

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  • miRNAs are frequently dysregulated in human cancers.
  • miRNA dysregulation plays a role in cancer pathogenesis.
  • miRNAs have shown potential in cancer therapeutics.

Conclusions:

  • miRNAs are key regulators in biological processes and cancer development.
  • Targeting miRNAs presents a promising avenue for cancer therapeutics.