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Pedigree Analysis01:35

Pedigree Analysis

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Overview
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Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

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When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
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Trihybrid Crosses02:27

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Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
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Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
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Incomplete Dominance01:43

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Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
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A modified pedigree method of selection.

V P Kulshrestha1

  • 1Genetics Division, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.

TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. Theoretische Und Angewandte Genetik
|November 15, 2013
PubMed
Summary

A new wheat breeding method improves selection by combining spaced and drilled planting from the F2 generation. This approach enhances competitive ability and plant identity, reducing the high failure rate of newly developed lines.

Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Breeding
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The traditional pedigree method in Indian wheat breeding shows an 81% failure rate for new lines.
  • Selection under spaced planting in early generations does not account for competitive ability in dense planting conditions.
  • This leads to homozygous lines failing to compete with established checks in yield trials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To modify the existing pedigree method to improve the selection of high-yielding wheat lines.
  • To develop a procedure that combines competitive ability with plant identity during selection.
  • To reduce the failure rate of newly developed wheat lines in yield trials.

Main Methods:

  • A modified breeding procedure is proposed, starting from the F2 generation.

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  • Wheat populations are grown under both spaced planting and drilled (competitive) conditions.
  • The tiller index is used to identify and isolate superior single plants from spaced populations.

    • Main Results:

    • Preliminary results over two seasons indicate the utility of the modified method.
    • The new approach aims to improve the selection for competitive ability in wheat breeding.
    • The method is expected to reduce the workload and resource requirements for breeders.

    Conclusions:

    • The modified pedigree method offers a more effective strategy for wheat breeding.
    • Integrating spaced and drilled planting enhances the selection of competitive and high-yielding lines.
    • This revised approach holds promise for improving crop yields and breeding efficiency in cereals.