Selection for increased anther culture response in maize.
J F Petolino1, A M Jones, S A Thompson
1United AgriSeeds, Inc., P.O. Box 4011, 61820, Champaign, IL, USA.
Summary
Genetic selection significantly improved maize anther culture success. Anther-derived plants (S1 families) showed a 23.4% androgenesis response, a substantial increase from the original 3.5% rate.
Area of Science:
- Plant breeding
- Plant biotechnology
- Maize genetics
Background:
- Anther culture is a key technique in plant breeding for rapid generation advancement.
- Improving the efficiency of androgenesis (embryo development from pollen) in maize is crucial for its application.
- Previous studies have indicated a genetic component to androgenesis response in maize.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential for genetic improvement of in vitro androgenesis in maize.
- To evaluate the anther culturability of S1 families derived from anther-cultured maize plants.
- To determine if anther culture can be used as a selection tool for enhanced androgenesis.
Main Methods:
- Anther culture was performed on a three-way cross maize hybrid ((H99 × FR16) × Pa91).
- Anther-derived plants were self-pollinated to create S1 families.
- Fourteen S1 families were evaluated for their anther culturability and androgenesis response frequency.
Main Results:
- A significant increase in androgenesis response was observed in the S1 families compared to the original three-way cross.
- The mean response frequency for S1 families reached 23.4%, a substantial improvement over the original 3.5% rate.
- This indicates a strong genetic influence on the level of androgenesis.
Conclusions:
- Genetic improvement of in vitro androgenesis in maize is achievable through selection.
- Anther culture itself can serve as an effective method for selecting maize genotypes with higher androgenesis potential.
- This research paves the way for more efficient maize breeding programs utilizing doubled haploid technology.
