Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Microvilli00:55

Microvilli

11.3K
Microvilli are tiny finger-like projections found on the surface of certain cells. Their purpose is to increase the surface area of the cell's apical surface, resulting in more effective absorption or secretion of substances.
These microvilli are predominantly present in cells lining the small intestine, kidney tubules, and certain cells in the respiratory and reproductive systems. By significantly expanding the surface area of the cell membrane, microvilli enhance the cell's capacity...
11.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Gramicidin-D-stimulated influx of monovalent cations into plant roots.

Planta·2014
Same author

Uptake of potassium ions by normal and crown-gall-tumor cells of Vinca rosea grown in tissue culture.

Planta·2013
Same author

Stable transformation of maize: the impact of feeder cells on protoplast growth and transformation efficiency.

Plant cell reports·2013
Same author

Embryogenic callus formation from maize protoplasts.

Planta·2013
Same author

Co-transformation of indica rice protoplasts with gusA and neo genes.

Plant cell reports·2013
Same author

Microcallus growth from maize protoplasts.

Planta·2013
Same journal

High-throughput sequencing reveals that microRNA-based regulation, cell wall remodeling and phytohormone signaling orchestrate wheat seminal root development.

Planta·2026
Same journal

Identification of CAMTA transcription factors and functional analysis of OsCAMTA4 in rice blast and salt stress.

Planta·2026
Same journal

Genetic identification and candidate gene analysis for loci of spike density in wheat.

Planta·2026
Same journal

Regulatory roles of R2R3-MYB genes in plant growth, development and stress adaptation: insights into seed dormancy and germination.

Planta·2026
Same journal

Assembly and comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Viola philippica (Malpighiales, Violaceae).

Planta·2026
Same journal

Somatic embryogenesis-induced epigenetic changes promoting catechin accumulation in Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.

Planta·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Scalable Transfection of Maize Mesophyll Protoplasts
08:38

Scalable Transfection of Maize Mesophyll Protoplasts

Published on: June 23, 2023

4.5K

Microcallus formation from maize protoplasts prepared from embryogenic callus.

C W Imbrie-Milligan1, T K Hodges

  • 1Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 47907, West Lafayette, IN, USA.

Planta
|November 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed methods to induce maize protoplasts to regenerate cell walls and divide. Optimized conditions yielded viable protoplasts, with agarose enabling sustained divisions and microcallus formation, advancing plant biotechnology.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Improved Methods for Preparing Transverse Sections and Unrolled Whole Mounts of Maize Leaf Primordia for Fluorescence and Confocal Imaging
06:11

Author Spotlight: Improved Methods for Preparing Transverse Sections and Unrolled Whole Mounts of Maize Leaf Primordia for Fluorescence and Confocal Imaging

Published on: September 22, 2023

4.5K
Lignin Down-regulation of Zea mays via dsRNAi and Klason Lignin Analysis
14:43

Lignin Down-regulation of Zea mays via dsRNAi and Klason Lignin Analysis

Published on: July 23, 2014

12.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Scalable Transfection of Maize Mesophyll Protoplasts
08:38

Scalable Transfection of Maize Mesophyll Protoplasts

Published on: June 23, 2023

4.5K
Author Spotlight: Improved Methods for Preparing Transverse Sections and Unrolled Whole Mounts of Maize Leaf Primordia for Fluorescence and Confocal Imaging
06:11

Author Spotlight: Improved Methods for Preparing Transverse Sections and Unrolled Whole Mounts of Maize Leaf Primordia for Fluorescence and Confocal Imaging

Published on: September 22, 2023

4.5K
Lignin Down-regulation of Zea mays via dsRNAi and Klason Lignin Analysis
14:43

Lignin Down-regulation of Zea mays via dsRNAi and Klason Lignin Analysis

Published on: July 23, 2014

12.8K

Area of Science:

  • Plant Biotechnology
  • Cell Biology
  • Maize Genetics

Background:

  • Maize (Zea mays L.) protoplast culture is crucial for genetic manipulation and plant regeneration.
  • Efficient isolation and division of viable protoplasts are key challenges in maize biotechnology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and optimize conditions for maize protoplast isolation, cell wall regeneration, and sustained cell division.
  • To identify optimal gelling agents and plating densities for efficient protoplast culture and microcallus formation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two types of embryogenic maize callus (Type I and Type II) as protoplast sources.
  • Systematically varied parameters including donor tissue growth, isolation solution composition, enzyme treatment, and purification methods.
  • Tested various gelling agents (agarose) and protoplast densities for plating efficiency.
  • Employed nurse cultures (maize and carrot) to confirm protoplast origin of divisions and enhance microcallus formation.

Main Results:

  • Developed a high-yield isolation procedure for viable, uninucleated maize callus protoplasts (20-50 μm).
  • Identified agarose as the only effective gelling agent for sustained protoplast divisions and microcallus formation.
  • Determined optimal plating efficiency (25%) at a density of 1x10^6 protoplasts/ml.
  • Confirmed individual protoplast division and enhanced microcallus formation using nurse cultures.

Conclusions:

  • Established robust conditions for maize protoplast isolation and regeneration.
  • Demonstrated the efficacy of agarose and nurse cultures for efficient protoplast culture and microcallus development.
  • This protocol provides a foundation for further research in maize genetic engineering and breeding programs.