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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

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Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
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Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

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Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion...
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Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
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Hepatic Encephalopathy01:29

Hepatic Encephalopathy

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DefinitionHepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neurologic syndrome that results from advanced liver dysfunction or portosystemic shunting. It leads to disturbances in cognition, behavior, and motor function due to the brain’s exposure to gut-derived toxins that the liver fails to detoxify.EtiologyThis condition develops either in the setting of acute fulminant hepatitis or progressively during chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Portosystemic...
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Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

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Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
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Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not...
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Author Spotlight: Advancements and Challenges in Hepatitis B Virus Detection
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Parvovirus b19 associated hepatitis.

Chhagan Bihari1, Archana Rastogi, Priyanka Saxena

  • 1Department of Pathology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D-1, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi 110070, India.

Hepatitis Research and Treatment
|November 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Parvovirus B19 infection can cause various liver diseases, including hepatitis and aplastic anemia. Diagnosis involves serology and PCR, with a potential treatment of immunoglobulin, dehydrohydrocortisone, and cyclosporine.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Parvovirus B19 is an erythrovirus with a propensity to infect hepatocytes and erythroid precursors.
  • Clinical presentations of Parvovirus B19 infection are diverse, encompassing liver manifestations and hepatitis.
  • Coinfection with hepatotropic viruses and Parvovirus B19-associated aplastic anemia are underrecognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the spectrum of liver diseases caused by Parvovirus B19.
  • To discuss diagnostic methods for Parvovirus B19 infection.
  • To explore potential therapeutic strategies for Parvovirus B19-related liver disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Parvovirus B19 infection and its hepatic manifestations.
  • Analysis of diagnostic techniques including serology, PCR, and in situ hybridization.
  • Evaluation of treatment options for Parvovirus B19-induced liver injury.

Main Results:

  • Parvovirus B19 can induce a range of liver conditions, from elevated transaminases to acute hepatitis, fulminant liver failure, chronic hepatitis, macrophage activation syndrome, and fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis.
  • Diagnosis is often suspected in cases of sudden hemoglobin drop and transient aplastic anemia.
  • Confirmation relies on serological tests (IgM/IgG), PCR, and biopsy analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Parvovirus B19 is a significant cause of liver disease and aplastic anemia.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for patient outcomes.
  • A triple therapy regimen (immunoglobulin, dehydrohydrocortisone, cyclosporine) shows potential efficacy.