Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Dementia l: Introduction01:22

Dementia l: Introduction

35
Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
35
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

29
Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
29
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

1.7K
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
1.7K
Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

42
Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and...
42
Dementia01:30

Dementia

693
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
693
Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

1.3K
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
1.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Donanemab in early symptomatic Alzheimer's disease: results from the TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 2 long-term extension.

The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease·2025
Same author

Dynamic proportional loss of functional connectivity revealed change of left superior frontal gyrus in subjective cognitive decline: an explanatory study based on Chinese and Western cohorts.

GeroScience·2025
Same author

Benefits and risks of FDA-approved amyloid-targeting antibodies for treatment of early Alzheimer's disease: Navigating clinician-patient engagement.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2024
Same author

Response to van Dyck, O'Dell, & Mecca letter to the editor regarding Andrews et al. (2019).

Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)·2023
Same author

Expectations and clinical meaningfulness of randomized controlled trials.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2023
Same author

The Patient Voice: Exploring Treatment Preferences in Participants with Mild Cognitive Concerns to Inform Regulatory Decision Making.

The patient·2022
Same journal

Isolated Cranial Tremors: A Reappraisal.

Seminars in neurology·2026
Same journal

Dystonia and Tremor.

Seminars in neurology·2026
Same journal

Pendular nystagmus and oculopalatal tremor.

Seminars in neurology·2026
Same journal

Sanjay Pandey, MBBS, MD, DNB, DM, FIAN, and Aasef Shaikh, MD, PhD.

Seminars in neurology·2026
Same journal

Tremor.

Seminars in neurology·2026
Same journal

Carotid Disease.

Seminars in neurology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Symmetric Bihemispheric Postmortem Brain Cutting to Study Healthy and Pathological Brain Conditions in Humans
08:29

Symmetric Bihemispheric Postmortem Brain Cutting to Study Healthy and Pathological Brain Conditions in Humans

Published on: December 18, 2016

13.9K

Young-onset dementia.

Dulanji K Kuruppu1, Brandy R Matthews

  • 1Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.

Seminars in Neurology
|November 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Young-onset dementia, affecting individuals under 65, is often misdiagnosed. A systematic diagnostic approach is crucial for earlier detection and intervention in young-onset dementia.

More Related Videos

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
05:52

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis

Published on: November 21, 2013

13.6K
The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease
06:23

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: October 13, 2016

36.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Symmetric Bihemispheric Postmortem Brain Cutting to Study Healthy and Pathological Brain Conditions in Humans
08:29

Symmetric Bihemispheric Postmortem Brain Cutting to Study Healthy and Pathological Brain Conditions in Humans

Published on: December 18, 2016

13.9K
Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
05:52

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis

Published on: November 21, 2013

13.6K
The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease
06:23

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: October 13, 2016

36.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Geriatrics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Young-onset dementia (YOD) affects cognition and behavior in individuals under 65.
  • YOD is frequently misdiagnosed, delaying critical interventions.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse etiologies of young-onset dementia.
  • To outline systematic diagnostic strategies for YOD.
  • To discuss management options for YOD.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of medical literature on YOD.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and approaches.
  • Synthesis of information on differential diagnoses and treatment.

Main Results:

  • YOD encompasses early-onset neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's, FTD, LBDs) and childhood-onset conditions.
  • Reversible causes like infections, metabolic disorders, and sleep apnea are critical considerations.
  • A systematic approach involving history, testing, and neuroimaging aids diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of YOD requires a broad differential and systematic evaluation.
  • Timely intervention can improve outcomes for patients with YOD.
  • This review provides clinical reference tables for YOD etiologies and management.