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Related Concept Videos

Volatilization01:10

Volatilization

5.0K
Volatilization gravimetry is an analytical technique that measures the mass lost due to the volatilization of the substance. This technique is used to estimate the amount of volatile material in a sample. To perform this method, heat a known amount of the sample to a high temperature in a crucible or other suitable vessel. The volatile substance in the sample evaporates, and the vapor is completely expelled from the crucible either by heating the sample or bubbling a stream of inert gas through...
5.0K
Vaporization01:18

Vaporization

33.3K
The physical form of a substance changes by changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. For vaporization to occur, kinetic energy must be greater than the intermolecular forces that keep molecules bonded. The amount of energy needed to vaporize a quantity of liquid at a given pressure and a constant temperature is called the heat of vaporization. When...
33.3K
Distillation: Vapor–Liquid Equilibria01:01

Distillation: Vapor–Liquid Equilibria

4.1K
Distillation is a separation technique that takes advantage of the boiling point properties of disparate elements in a mixture. To perform distillation, we begin by heating a miscible mixture of two liquids with a significant difference in boiling points (at least 20°C). As the solution heats up and reaches the bubble point of the more volatile component, some molecules of the more volatile component transition into the gas phase and travel upward into the condenser, which is a glass tube...
4.1K
Flame Photometry: Lab01:16

Flame Photometry: Lab

1.3K
In a flame photometer, when a solution like potassium chloride is aspirated into the flame, the solvent evaporates, leaving behind dehydrated salt. This salt dissociates into free gaseous atoms in their ground state. Some of these atoms absorb energy from the flame, leading to their excitation. The excited atoms return to the ground state, emitting photons at characteristic wavelengths. Because only electronic transitions are involved, the resulting emission lines are very narrow. The intensity...
1.3K
Voltammetry: Stripping Methods01:13

Voltammetry: Stripping Methods

1.3K
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (ASV), Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry (CSV), and Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry (AdSV) are electrochemical techniques used to determine trace amounts of analytes in solution. These methods involve applying a potential to an electrode and measuring the resulting current.
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (ASV)
ASV is used to determine metals and metalloids at trace levels. It involves two steps: deposition and stripping. First, a negative potential is applied to the...
1.3K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface
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Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface

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Field test of volatilization models.

S Trapp1, B Harland

  • 1Institute of Environmental Systems Research, University of Osnabrück, 49069, Osnabrück, Germany.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
|November 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Choosing the right volatilization model is crucial for accurately assessing contaminant transport in waterways. Field data validation confirms that model selection depends on specific environmental conditions like water flow.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Water Quality Monitoring
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Volatilization is a key process in the environmental fate of chemicals in aquatic systems.
  • Accurate modeling of volatilization is essential for risk assessment and management of water bodies.
  • Existing volatilization models vary in their input parameters and applicability to different aquatic environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of four different volatilization models.
  • To compare model predictions against field data from two distinct aquatic environments: a slow-flowing canal and a faster-flowing river.
  • To determine the most suitable models for specific environmental conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Field data collection from the Manchester Ship Canal and the River Main.

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Assessment of Labile Organic Carbon in Soil Using Sequential Fumigation Incubation Procedures
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  • Application and testing of four distinct volatilization models.
  • Comparison of model-derived volatilization rates with observed field data.
  • Analysis of model performance based on parameters such as Schmidt number, wind speed, and flow velocity.

    • Main Results:

    • The Mackay and Yeun models, utilizing Schmidt number and wind speed, provided the best predictions for the slowly flowing Manchester Ship Canal.
    • Models incorporating flow velocity significantly underestimated volatilization rates in the Ship Canal.
    • Flow velocity-dependent models performed better in the faster-flowing River Main.
    • Model performance was highly dependent on the specific characteristics of the aquatic environment.

    Conclusions:

    • The selection of an appropriate volatilization model is critical and must be tailored to the specific environmental setting.
    • Validation of volatilization models using real-world field data is essential for ensuring their reliability and accuracy.
    • Environmental managers should carefully consider water body characteristics when selecting models for assessing chemical transport and fate.