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Probing the structure of cytoplasm.

K Luby-Phelps, D L Taylor, F Lanni

    The Journal of Cell Biology
    |June 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    The cytoplasm of living cells is viscous and contains a filamentous meshwork. This structure restricts macromolecule diffusion, with pore sizes estimated between 200-400 A.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Understanding the cytoplasmic ground substance is crucial for cell function.
    • Previous studies lacked detailed insights into the dynamic structure of the cytoplasm.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the structural properties of the cytoplasmic ground substance in living Swiss 3T3 cells.
    • To determine the viscosity and diffusion barriers within the cytoplasm.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized size-fractionated fluorescent dextrans.
    • Employed fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) technique.
    • Applied video image processing for data analysis.

    Main Results:

    • Cytoplasm exhibits a fluid phase viscosity four times that of water.
    • Identified size-dependent structural barriers restricting macromolecule diffusion.
    • Estimated meshwork pore size ranging from 200 to 400 A.

    Conclusions:

    • The living cell cytoplasm possesses a complex structure with significant viscosity.
    • A filamentous meshwork acts as a diffusion barrier, influencing macromolecule transport.
    • The pore size of this meshwork varies, impacting cellular processes.

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