Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 2, 2026
08:17
A Mouse Model of Orthopedic Surgery to Study Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Tissue Regeneration
Published on: February 27, 2018
Role of peripheral inflammatory markers in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD): a meta-analysis
Linying Peng1, Liwei Xu, Wen Ouyang
1Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
Plos One
|November 16, 2013
Summary
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is linked to higher levels of inflammatory markers like interleukin-6 and S-100β. This meta-analysis confirms the association between peripheral inflammation and POCD after surgery.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Immunology
- Medical Research
Background:
- Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a frequent complication after surgery, with unclear underlying mechanisms.
- Emerging evidence suggests a significant role for systemic inflammatory responses in the development of POCD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a meta-analysis evaluating the association between peripheral inflammatory markers and POCD.
- To identify specific inflammatory markers that are significantly correlated with POCD.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, SinoMed, etc.) for relevant peer-reviewed studies.
- Data from 13 studies were analyzed using a random-effects model to calculate standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).
- Heterogeneity, bias, and meta-regression analyses were performed to ensure the robustness of the findings.
Main Results:
- Significantly elevated concentrations of S-100β (SMD=1.377) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (SMD=1.614) were observed in patients with POCD compared to those without.
- No significant differences in neuron-specific enolase, IL-1β, or TNF-α levels were found between the groups.
- Meta-regression revealed a positive association between preoperative IL-6 levels and the severity of POCD.
Conclusions:
- POCD is demonstrably correlated with elevated peripheral inflammatory marker concentrations.
- Interleukin-6 and S-100β are key inflammatory markers associated with POCD, highlighting their potential as biomarkers.
Related Concept Videos
01:38Cognitive Dissonance
37.5K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
37.5K
01:09Directing Effect of Substituents: meta-Directing Groups
6.0K
Substituents on the benzene ring that direct an incoming electrophile to undergo substitution at the meta position are called meta directors. All meta directors either have a positive charge on the atom directly bonded to the ring or a partial positive charge. These groups function by withdrawing electrons from the ring through inductive and resonance effects. Consider the carbocation intermediates formed upon the addition of an electrophile on nitrobenzene at the...
6.0K
01:24Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair
8.0K
The immune system's inflammatory response destroys the invading pathogen, permitting the tissue to heal. The changes during the cellular and vascular stages allow exudate formation at the site of inflammation. The inflammatory exudate released from the wound has high protein content and a specific gravity above 1.020.
The typical wound exudate is odorless, transparent, straw-colored, thin, and watery. Exudate, however, can differ depending on the state of wound healing. Likewise, the...
The typical wound exudate is odorless, transparent, straw-colored, thin, and watery. Exudate, however, can differ depending on the state of wound healing. Likewise, the...
8.0K
01:28Inflammatory Response
16.9K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
16.9K
01:23Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management
417
During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
417
01:23Cognition and Behavior
383
Social psychology examines the complex interplay between individual mental processes and social interactions. Historically, the field was divided into two domains: social behavior and social cognition. Researchers focusing on social behavior analyzed actions within social contexts, such as conformity, aggression, or cooperation. Meanwhile, social cognition researchers investigated how people perceive, interpret, and mentally represent their social environments. However, modern perspectives no...
383