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A conceptual definition of quality of life with a left ventricular assist device: results from a qualitative study
Kristin E Sandau1, Barbara A Hoglund1, Carrie E Weaver2
1Bethel University, 3900 Bethel Drive, St. Paul, MN 55112, USA.
Objective:
To develop a conceptual definition of quality of life (QoL) with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD).
Background:
Conceptual and operational definitions of QoL with an LVAD are lacking.
Methods:
A grounded theory method was used. Adult, outpatient LVAD recipients (n = 11) participated twice in individual or paired interviews.
Results:
A conceptual definition of QoL while living with an LVAD was established as: "Being well enough to do and enjoy day-to-day activities that are important to me." Participants described 5 important life domains consistent with QoL literature: physical, emotional, social, cognitive, and spiritual/meaning. However, participants identified unique concerns not addressed by generic or heart failure disease specific measures typically used in the LVAD population.
Conclusion:
Existing generic and heart-failure specific QoL measures are not adequate for understanding QoL among LVAD patients. Cognition and spiritual/meaning domains were significant; these need inclusion for comprehensive QoL assessment in the LVAD population.
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