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Updated: May 5, 2026

Objective Nociceptive Assessment in Ventilated ICU Patients: A Feasibility Study Using Pupillometry and the Nociceptive Flexion Reflex
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Responses to noxious stimuli in sedated mechanically ventilated adults

Mary Jo Grap1, Cindy L Munro2, Paul A Wetzel3

  • 1Adult Health and Nursing Systems Department, School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980567, Richmond, VA 23298-0567, USA.

Heart & Lung : the Journal of Critical Care
|November 19, 2013
PubMed
Abstract

Keywords:
EvaluationMechanical ventilationOutcomesSedation

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