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Dark fermentation from real solid waste. Evolution of microbial community.

S Zahedi1, D Sales, L I Romero

  • 1Department of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences (CASEM), University of Cádiz, Pol, Río San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.

Bioresource Technology
|November 19, 2013
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores microbial community changes during thermophilic-dry dark fermentation of municipal solid waste for hydrogen production. Higher organic loading rates influenced microbial ratios, impacting hydrolysis and acidification yields.

Keywords:
Acidogenic yieldHydrogen productionHydrolysis yieldHydrolytic–acidogenic bacteriaPopulation dynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Waste Management

Background:

  • Dark fermentation of organic waste is a key process for biohydrogen production.
  • Understanding microbial community dynamics is crucial for optimizing fermentation efficiency.
  • Thermophilic-dry conditions offer potential advantages in waste treatment and energy recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the microbial community evolution during thermophilic-dry dark fermentation of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW).
  • To correlate microbial community shifts with hydrogen production (HP) steps under varying organic loading rates (OLRs).
  • To identify key microbial groups and their roles in hydrolysis and acidification.

Main Methods:

  • Experimentation with nine organic loading rates (OLRs) ranging from 9 to 220 g TVS/l/d.
  • Analysis of microbial population dynamics, focusing on Eubacteria, Archaea, hydrolytic-acidogenic bacteria (HABs), and acetogens.
  • Measurement of hydrolysis and acidification yields at different OLRs.

Main Results:

  • Increasing OLR (9–110 g TVS/l/d) enhanced the ratios of Eubacteria:Archaea and HABs:acetogens, influenced by OFMSW microbial content.
  • Acetogens and Archaea presence was linked to substrate contribution, resulting in methane-free biogas.
  • Maximum hydrolysis (63±7%) and HP/HAB activity occurred at 110 g TVS/l/d OLR.
  • Optimal acidification yields (57–60%) were achieved at OLRs between 28 and 43 g TVS/l/d.

Conclusions:

  • Microbial community structure significantly impacts hydrogen production efficiency in thermophilic-dry dark fermentation of OFMSW.
  • Specific OLRs are critical for maximizing hydrolysis and acidification stages.
  • The findings provide insights for optimizing OFMSW fermentation for bioenergy recovery.