Development and application of a method for the analysis of 9 mycotoxins in maize by HPLC-MS/MS

A reliable and sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of aflatoxins (AFB1 , AFB2 , AFG1 , and AFG2 ), ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA), fumonisin B1 (FB1 ), and T2-toxin in maize. The samples were first extracted using acetonitrile: water: acetic acid (79 : 20 : 1), and then further cleaned-up using OASIS HLB cartridge. Optimum conditions for the extraction and chromatographic separation were investigated. The mean recoveries of mycotoxins in spiked maize ranged from 68.3% to 94.3%. Limits of detection and quantification ranged from 0.01 to 0.64 μg/kg and from 0.03 to 2.12 μg/kg, respectively. The LC-MS/MS method has also been successfully applied to 60 maize samples, which were collected from Shaanxi Province of China. Twenty-four of the total 60 samples (40%) were contaminated with at least 1 of these 9 mycotoxins. Occurrence of mycotoxins were 6.7%, 1.7%, 3.3%, 6.7%, 1.7%, 23.3%, and 3.3% for AFB1 , AFB2 , OTA, ZEA, DON, FB1 , and T2-toxin, respectively. The results demonstrated that the procedure was suitable for the simultaneous determination of these mycotoxins in maize matrix.