Parkinson syndrome: a precise localization for abducens palsy
Venugopalan Y Vishnu1, Gayathri Petluri1, Vivek Gupta2
1Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
Journal of the Neurological Sciences
|November 20, 2013
Summary
Parkinson syndrome, characterized by abducens palsy and Horner syndrome, precisely localizes lesions to the posterior cavernous sinus. This clinical finding aids in diagnosing conditions like internal carotid artery aneurysms.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-ophthalmology
- Vascular Neurology
Background:
- Unilateral abducens palsy can result from lesions anywhere from the pons to the orbit.
- Associated neurological signs are crucial for precise lesion localization.
- Parkinson syndrome, comprising unilateral abducens palsy and ipsilateral postganglionic Horner syndrome, specifically indicates a posterior cavernous sinus lesion.
Observation:
- A 55-year-old female presented with a 3-month history of headache and diplopia.
- Clinical examination revealed right lateral rectus palsy and ipsilateral postganglionic Horner syndrome.
- No other neurological deficits were noted.
Findings:
- Brain MRI and MRA identified an aneurysm of the right cavernous internal carotid artery.
- Cerebral angiography confirmed the presence of the aneurysm.
- The patient declined endovascular coiling and received symptomatic treatment.
Implications:
- Parkinson syndrome serves as a valuable clinical sign for localizing lesions within the posterior cavernous sinus.
- Accurate localization is essential for diagnosing and managing conditions affecting the cavernous sinus, such as internal carotid artery aneurysms.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology
34
Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...
34
01:15Parkinson's Disease: Overview
2.2K
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
2.2K
01:24Parkinson's Disease: Treatment
1.4K
Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
1.4K
01:24Parkinson Disease l: Introduction
28
Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Patients may notice hand tremors at rest, stiffness during movement, or a shuffling gait. In addition to motor features, non-motor symptoms include sleep disturbances, mood and behavioral changes, constipation, and cognitive impairment, all of...
28
01:14Cranial Nerves: Types Part I
6.0K
Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...
6.0K
01:37Neural Regulation
34.8K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
34.8K