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Related Concept Videos

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The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Author Spotlight: The 3D Culturing of Organoids from Murine Intestinal Crypts and a Single Stem Cell for Organoid Research
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Intestinal stem cells.

Daniel E Stange1

  • 1Department of General, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, University Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

Digestive Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intestinal stem cells, marked by Lgr5, are key to gut regeneration. New research uses mouse models and organoids to understand self-renewal and differentiation, revealing Paneth cells as crucial stem cell guardians.

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Gastrointestinal research
  • Regenerative medicine

Background:

  • The intestine is a critical model for studying stem cell behavior.
  • Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5) is a specific marker for intestinal stem cells.
  • Understanding intestinal stem cell self-renewal and differentiation is vital for gut health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the mechanisms of intestinal stem cell self-renewal and differentiation.
  • To investigate the role of Paneth cells in maintaining the intestinal stem cell niche.
  • To leverage insights from stem cell biology for potential therapeutic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a transgenic mouse model expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) to visualize Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells.
  • Employing organoid technology to culture and study intestinal stem cells ex vivo.
  • Molecular characterization of intestinal stem cells and their progeny.

Main Results:

  • Successful visualization, isolation, and molecular characterization of Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells.
  • Generation of intestinal organoids recapitulating the complexity of the gut epithelium.
  • Identification of key genes and pathways governing stem cell self-renewal and differentiation.
  • Paneth cells identified as critical regulators and protectors of intestinal stem cells.

Conclusions:

  • Detailed molecular mechanisms of intestinal homeostatic self-renewal are being elucidated.
  • The role of Paneth cells as 'guardians' of the stem cell niche is established.
  • This research opens new therapeutic avenues for gastrointestinal diseases.