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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

An In Vitro Bladder Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection

An In Vitro Bladder Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection

Published on: June 24, 2025

Biocide activity against urinary catheter pathogens.

Sladjana Malic¹, Rachael P C Jordan, Mark G J Waters

¹School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

|November 20, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Essential oils show antimicrobial effects against urinary tract infection bacteria. Eugenol was most effective, especially against bacterial biofilms which are more tolerant to treatments.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Pharmacology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Urinary catheter infections are a common complication in healthcare settings.
Bacterial biofilms on catheters contribute to persistent infections and treatment resistance.
Essential oils are natural compounds with potential antimicrobial properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of selected essential oils against bacteria implicated in urinary catheter infections.
To compare the activity of essential oils against planktonic bacteria versus those in biofilms.
To assess the influence of artificial urine on antimicrobial activity.

Main Methods:

Essential oils (eugenol, terpinen, tea tree oil, cineole) were tested against 14 bacterial species.
Antimicrobial activity was assessed against planktonic cultures and mature biofilms.
Tests were conducted in both standard media and artificial urine.

Main Results:

Bacterial biofilms demonstrated significantly higher tolerance (up to 8-fold) to essential oils compared to planktonic cells.
Antimicrobial tolerance was also increased in the artificial urine environment.
Eugenol displayed superior antimicrobial effects against both planktonic bacteria and biofilms compared to terpinen, tea tree oil, and cineole.

Conclusions:

Essential oils, particularly eugenol, possess antimicrobial activity relevant to combating urinary catheter-associated infections.
Bacterial biofilm formation presents a significant challenge, requiring strategies to overcome increased tolerance.
Further research into eugenol as a potential therapeutic agent for catheter-associated infections is warranted.