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Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular geometric patterns in hypertensive patients in Nigeria

Rasaaq A Adebayo1, Olaniyi J Bamikole, Michael O Balogun

  • 1Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.

Clinical Medicine Insights. Cardiology
|November 20, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Concentric remodeling is the most common left ventricular (LV) geometric pattern in Nigerian hypertensive patients. Abnormal LV geometry is linked to higher blood pressure and impaired systolic function.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy predicts morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients.
  • LV geometric patterns are crucial for determining heart disease severity and prognosis.
  • Limited studies exist on LV geometric patterns in Nigerian hypertensive populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the LV geometric patterns in Nigerian hypertensive patients.
  • To correlate LV geometry with patient demographics and blood pressure.
  • To assess the impact of LV geometry on cardiac function.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a 2D, pulsed, continuous, and color flow Doppler echocardiographic evaluation.
  • Analyzed 1020 consecutive hypertensive patients over an 8-year period.
  • Determined LV geometric patterns using relative wall thickness and LV mass index.

Main Results:

  • Concentric remodeling was the most frequent pattern (47.8%), followed by concentric hypertrophy (23.2%) and eccentric hypertrophy (10.7%).
  • Patients with concentric hypertrophy were older and had higher systolic, diastolic BP, and pulse pressure.
  • Eccentric hypertrophy was associated with a lower systolic function index; diastolic dysfunction was noted in abnormal LV geometries.

Conclusions:

  • Concentric remodeling is the predominant LV geometric pattern in this Nigerian hypertensive cohort.
  • Older age and higher BP are associated with concentric hypertrophy.
  • Abnormal LV geometry, particularly eccentric hypertrophy, impacts cardiac systolic function and is linked to diastolic dysfunction.

Keywords:
Nigeriadiastolicechocardiographygeometric patternhypertensionsystolic

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