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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Coastal Science
  • Wetland Studies

Background:

  • Mangrove ecosystems face significant threats from deforestation and anthropogenic disturbances.
  • Sea-level rise poses a critical challenge to mangrove persistence, requiring vertical adaptation.
  • Mangrove resilience is intrinsically linked to their ability to maintain elevation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of mangrove elevation dynamics.
  • To emphasize the critical role of mangrove vegetation in maintaining soil surface elevation.
  • To explore the interplay of biological, hydrological, geomorphological, and climatic factors influencing mangrove adaptation to sea-level rise.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing diverse research on mangrove elevation dynamics.
  • Analysis of vegetation's influence on soil accretion and vertical land development.
  • Examination of interactions between plant processes and environmental factors.

Main Results:

  • Mangroves influence soil accretion via organic matter production and mineral sediment trapping.
  • Plant roots contribute significantly to soil volume and upward soil surface expansion.
  • Hydrological, geomorphological, and climatic factors interact with vegetation to determine adaptive capacity.

Conclusions:

  • Mangrove vegetation plays a vital, often underestimated, role in ecosystem trajectory and adaptation to sea-level rise.
  • Understanding plant-mediated elevation dynamics is essential for mangrove conservation and management.
  • Mangrove ecosystems must maintain vertical growth to persist under rising sea levels.