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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Hemostasis01:24

Disorders of Hemostasis

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Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
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Structure and Function of Platelets01:18

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The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
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Formation of the Platelet Plug01:22

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The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...
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Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

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Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
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Introduction to Hemostasis01:05

Introduction to Hemostasis

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Hemostasis is a complex physiological process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. It's crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system, as it ensures that our blood remains fluid while still within the vascular network and yet clots to prevent blood loss upon vessel injury.
The three phases of hemostasis involve many clotting factors present in plasma and several substances released by platelets and injured tissue cells. It is a fast, localized,...
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Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis01:20

Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis

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Blood clotting or coagulation involves extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which ultimately merge into the common pathway, forming a fibrin clot.
The Extrinsic Pathway
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Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function
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Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function

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Platelet function defects in adolescents with heavy menstrual bleeding.

H L Mills1, M S Abdel-Baki, J Teruya

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.

Haemophilia : the Official Journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia
|November 21, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Platelet function defects (PFD) are common in adolescent heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB). Nearly one-third of patients had PFD, often with multiple defects, indicating a need for better diagnosis and management strategies.

Keywords:
adolescentheavy menstrual bleedingplatelet function defect

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Pediatric Gynecology
  • Reproductive Health

Background:

  • Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a common concern in adolescent females.
  • Platelet function defects (PFD) are frequently observed in adult women with HMB, but their incidence in adolescents is variable.
  • Comprehensive evaluation for bleeding disorders is crucial in adolescent HMB cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and management of platelet function defects (PFD) in adolescents experiencing heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB).
  • To analyze the diagnostic utility of whole blood platelet aggregometry (WBPA) in this population.
  • To assess treatment outcomes for adolescent females with HMB and diagnosed PFD.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records for postmenarchial girls with HMB (June 2009-November 2010).
  • Exclusion of thrombocytopenia, coagulation factor deficiencies, and Von Willebrand disease (VWD) prior to testing.
  • Whole blood platelet aggregometry (WBPA) used as a second-tier test to identify aggregation or secretion defects.

Main Results:

  • 114 adolescents with HMB were evaluated; 68 underwent WBPA.
  • Platelet function defects (PFD) were identified in 28% of patients, with 18% having two or more defects.
  • Treatment (hormonal therapy, antifibrinolytics, DDAVP) led to improved outcomes in 81% of affected patients.

Conclusions:

  • Platelet function defects (PFD) are identified in a significant proportion of adolescent females with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB).
  • Whole blood platelet aggregometry (WBPA) is a valuable tool for diagnosing PFD in this demographic.
  • Further prospective research is necessary to optimize the management of HMB and associated bleeding complications in adolescents with PFD.