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In vitro regulation of human lymphocyte proliferation by selenium.

H T Petrie1, L W Klassen, M A Tempero

  • 1Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Section of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Omaha Veterans Administration Medical Center, 68105, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.

Biological Trace Element Research
|November 21, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Dietary selenium may protect against cancer by inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation. This effect is reversible and not toxic to cells, suggesting a potential mechanism for selenium

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Nutritional Biochemistry
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Dietary selenium is linked to reduced cancer incidence.
  • Selenium's antiproliferative effects on cells are known but mechanisms are unclear.
  • Studies suggest selenium may inhibit normal and neoplastic cell proliferation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate selenium's effect on human lymphocyte proliferation in vitro.
  • To determine if selenium's antiproliferative effects are specific to certain lymphocyte subsets.
  • To explore the potential role of selenium in immune modulation and cancer chemoprevention.

Main Methods:

  • Human lymphocytes were cultured in vitro.
  • Lymphocyte proliferation was stimulated using mixed lymphocyte response and soluble antigen (tetanus toxoid).
  • Selenium was added at physiologic concentrations to assess its impact on proliferation and toxicity.

Main Results:

  • Selenium significantly inhibited overall human lymphocyte proliferation in response to immune stimuli.
  • The antiproliferative effect of selenium was reversible, indicating no toxicity at tested concentrations.
  • Preliminary data suggest selenium's antiproliferative effects may be specific to certain lymphocyte subsets.

Conclusions:

  • Selenium at physiologic concentrations can inhibit human lymphocyte proliferation in vitro.
  • This reversible inhibition suggests a non-toxic immunomodulatory role for selenium.
  • Selenium's potential to modulate immune responses and inhibit tumor cell proliferation may contribute to its chemoprotective effects against cancer.