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Sorgoleone from root exudate inhibits mitochondrial functions.

J A Rasmussen¹, A M Hejl, F A Einhellig

¹Department of Biology, Southern Arkansas University, 71753, Magnolia, Arkansas.

Journal of Chemical Ecology

|November 21, 2013

Summary

Sorgoleone (SGL), a compound from sorghum roots, significantly inhibits mitochondrial respiration in soybean and corn. This disruption of cellular energy production likely explains SGL

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Plant Physiology
Mitochondrial Function

Background:

Sorgoleone (SGL) is a hydrophobic compound found in the root exudate of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.
Previous studies suggest SGL plays a role in sorghum allelopathy and growth inhibition.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the interference of sorgoleone (SGL) with mitochondrial functions.
To elucidate the mechanism behind SGL-mediated growth inhibition and its role in allelopathy.

Main Methods:

Isolation of mitochondria from etiolated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and corn (Zea mays L.) seedlings.
Measurement of state 3 and state 4 respiration rates using NADH, succinate, or malate as substrates.
Spectrophotometric analysis to determine the site of electron transport inhibition.

Main Results:

Sorgoleone (SGL) potently inhibited state 3 and state 4 respiration rates in both soybean and corn mitochondria.
The inhibitory concentration (I50) for state 3 respiration was approximately 0.5μM SGL, and for state 4, it was 5.0μM.
Absorption spectra indicated that SGL blocks electron transport at the b-c1 complex.

Conclusions:

Disruption of mitochondrial function is a likely mechanism for SGL-mediated growth inhibition.
Sorgoleone (SGL) plays a probable role in the allelopathic interactions of Sorghum species.