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Introduction to the special issue on Social Darwinism.
1University of Vermont, USA.
The Journal of Primary Prevention
|November 21, 2013
Summary
Interventions for emotional disorders since the 1950s face therapist shortages. The individual defect model, akin to Social Darwinism, attributes outcomes to internal factors over social inequities.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Sociology
- Public Health
Background:
- Historical overview of interventions for emotional disorders since the 1950s.
- Persistent therapist shortages impact treatment accessibility.
- Successful treatments do not alter the incidence of emotional disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the historical trajectory of interventions for emotional disorders.
- To critique the prevailing individual defect model.
- To examine the influence of Social Darwinism on understanding emotional disorders.
Main Methods:
- Historical analysis of intervention strategies.
- Conceptual critique of psychological and social models.
- Examination of the extension of the medical model to social issues.
Main Results:
- The individual defect model reinforces a conservative perspective, locating causes within individuals.
- This model aligns with Social Darwinism, emphasizing inherent genetic predispositions.
- Social and economic environmental factors are often overlooked.
Conclusions:
- The individual defect model, extended from Social Darwinism, attributes success and failure to innate qualities rather than socioeconomic conditions.
- This perspective medicalizes social problems, potentially obscuring systemic issues.
- Critically evaluating these models is essential for a comprehensive understanding of emotional disorders.
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