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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

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Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
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Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

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Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
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Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

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Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
To diagnose Barrett's esophagus, healthcare providers often recommend an endoscopy for those showing symptoms of acid reflux. The procedure...
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Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

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Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Updated: May 5, 2026

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Hepaticogastrostomy in Malignant Biliary Obstruction
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Esophageal tuberculosis presenting with hematemesis.

Samit S Jain1, Piyush O Somani, Rajeshkumar C Mahey

  • 1Samit S Jain, Piyush O Somani, Dharmesh K Shah, Qais Q Contractor, Pravin M Rathi, Department of Gastroenterology, Bai Yamunabai Laxman Nair Hospital, Topiwala National Medical College, Mumbai 400008, India.

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
|November 21, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Esophageal tuberculosis is a rare condition. This case highlights a 15-year-old boy presenting with hematemesis due to tuberculous lymph nodes eroding into the esophagus, successfully treated with anti-tuberculosis therapy.

Keywords:
Esophageal tuberculosisEsophagogastroduodenoscopyHematemesis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Esophageal tuberculosis (ETB) is a rare manifestation of gastrointestinal tuberculosis, accounting for only 0.3% of cases.
  • Common symptoms include dysphagia, cough, chest pain, fever, and weight loss, with potential complications like fistulas.
  • Hematemesis due to esophageal ulceration is an uncommon presentation of ETB.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of esophageal tuberculosis presenting solely with hematemesis.
  • To illustrate the diagnostic approach and successful management of this unusual presentation.

Main Methods:

  • A 15-year-old male presented with hematemesis as the sole symptom.
  • Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) revealed an eccentric ulcerative lesion in the esophagus.
  • Biopsy confirmed caseating epithelioid granulomas, and CT scan showed enlarged subcarinal lymph nodes compressing the esophagus.

Main Results:

  • Biopsy findings were suggestive of tuberculosis.
  • Computed tomography confirmed esophageal compression by enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes.
  • The patient received a 6-month course of standard anti-tuberculosis therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Erosion of tuberculous subcarinal lymph nodes into the esophagus can cause significant upper gastrointestinal bleeding (hematemesis).
  • Prompt diagnosis via EGD and biopsy, alongside imaging, is crucial.
  • Anti-tuberculosis therapy is effective in resolving esophageal ulcers caused by tuberculous lymph node erosion.