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Genetic and environmental influences on adolescent attachment.

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Genetic factors significantly influence adolescent attachment security, contrary to earlier beliefs about infancy. This twin study reveals approximately 40% heritability, highlighting genes

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Behavioral Genetics

Background:

  • Previous twin studies indicated limited genetic influence on infant attachment security.
  • Research has not yet explored genetic and environmental influences on adolescent attachment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relative importance of genetic and environmental factors on attachment security in adolescence.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 551 twin pairs aged 15 years from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS).
  • Assessed adolescent attachment using the Child Attachment Interview, a semistructured interview.

Main Results:

  • Found significant associations between monozygotic (MZ) twins' attachment coherence and security (r = .42), but weaker associations in dizygotic (DZ) twins (r = .20).
  • Model-fitting analyses indicated approximately 40% heritability for adolescent attachment.
  • Demonstrated negligible influence of the shared environment on adolescent attachment.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic factors play a substantial role in individual differences in adolescent attachment.
  • Suggests distinct etiological mechanisms for attachment beyond early childhood.