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Surface immunoglobulin light chain expression in pre-B cell leukemias.

B Koziner, J Stavnezer, A Al-Katib

    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Surface immunoglobulin light chain clonal excess (CE) was detected in leukemic cells, indicating greater differentiation in B-cell lineage leukemias than previously thought. This finding was observed in blastic chronic myeloid leukemias and acute lymphoblastic leukemias.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Hematology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Surface immunoglobulin (sIg) light chain clonal excess (CE) is a marker of B-cell differentiation.
    • Previous studies suggested limited differentiation in certain B-cell leukemias.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and significance of sIg light chain CE in leukemic cells.
    • To determine the differentiation stage of leukemic cells within the B-cell lineage.

    Main Methods:

    • Cytofluorographic analysis of mononuclear cells from 32 leukemic patients.
    • Analysis of the REH cell line, derived from a "common" acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patient.
    • Nucleic acid blotting and RNA analysis.

    Main Results:

    Related Experiment Videos

    • Eight of 32 leukemic patients demonstrated sIg light chain CE (4 blastic chronic myeloid leukemias, 3 "null" ALL, 1 lymphoblastic lymphoma).
    • REH cell line showed cytoplasmic mu heavy chain and surface Ig lambda CE, with deleted kappa genes and rearranged lambda genes.
    • TPA treatment of REH cells increased mu and lambda RNA levels.

    Conclusions:

    • The presence of sIg light chain CE in pre-B cell leukemias and the REH cell line suggests these cells are more differentiated along the B-cell lineage than previously recognized.
    • This study provides evidence for a more advanced differentiation state in certain B-cell malignancies.