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Related Concept Videos

Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
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Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the...
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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

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Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
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Updated: May 5, 2026

Use of In vivo Imaging to Monitor the Progression of Experimental Mouse Cytomegalovirus Infection in Neonates
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Cytomegalovirus vaccines.

Michael A McVoy1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|November 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Developing an effective cytomegalovirus (CMV) vaccine is crucial for preventing congenital CMV infections and birth defects. Next-generation vaccines targeting the pentameric complex show promise for enhanced efficacy against CMV transmission.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a leading cause of preventable birth defects.
  • Current CMV vaccine candidates utilize various platforms, including subunit approaches targeting glycoprotein B (gB).
  • A previous gB/MF59 vaccine showed moderate efficacy but failed to induce potent neutralizing antibodies against key viral entry mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the potential of next-generation CMV vaccine strategies.
  • To investigate the role of the pentameric complex in CMV entry and transmission.
  • To identify vaccine targets that induce potent neutralizing and spread-inhibiting antibodies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of CMV entry pathways into endothelial and epithelial cells.
Keywords:
congenital infectioncytomegalovirusvaccine

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  • Characterization of neutralizing antibody responses to the pentameric complex in naturally infected individuals.
  • Review of preclinical vaccine candidates incorporating pentameric complex components.

    • Main Results:

    • The 5-subunit pentameric complex is essential for CMV entry into endothelial and epithelial cells.
    • Naturally infected sera exhibit high-potency neutralizing activity against the pentameric complex.
    • Antibodies targeting the pentameric complex can inhibit postentry CMV spread and may prevent oral transmission.

    Conclusions:

    • Next-generation CMV vaccines should incorporate epitopes from the pentameric complex.
    • Targeting the pentameric complex may induce potent neutralizing and spread-inhibiting antibodies.
    • This approach holds promise for developing a more effective vaccine against congenital CMV infection.